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David Headley’s 2010 interrogation by Indian investigators pointed at ISI officers being in the loop on all the LeT’s activities. Kiessling calls 26/11 a simultaneous warning to Islamabad (the civilian government), New Delhi and Washington.Įvidence exists that Pakistani military officers set up the LeT control room and facilitated the VoIP (voice over internet protocol) communication with the terrorists. India’s interest in Afghanistan challenged GHQ Rawalpindi’s strategic interests in Kabul, and the possible Pakistan-US cooperation could have exposed its nuclear weapon secrets. President Zardari’s talk about a cooperative relationship with India ‘rang alarm bells in Rawalpindi’ which was running a covert war in Kashmir. Kiessling mentions three reasons why the Pakistan’s military might have attacked Mumbai-Afghanistan, Kashmir and nuclear weapons. In his authoritative 2016 book Faith, Unity and Discipline: The ISI of Pakistan, German researcher Hein G. This could well be the case in Pakistan where the military has controlled all the levers of power ever since its first coup in 1958 and runs policies contrary to the elected civilian government. This parallel state challenges the very legitimacy of the national administration, which is accused of being too ‘shallow’ to fulfil its missions. French scholar Jean-Pierre Filiu explains in his 2015 book From Deep State to Islamic State that it is ‘a murky cooperation between state intelligence, corrupt justice and organised crime seems to ‘run’ the system behind the scenes’. But what is the Deep State? The concept originated in Turkey in the 1990s-the term is a literal translation of the Turkish ‘Derin Devlet’. While much of India’s ire has been aimed at bringing the LeT leadership to justice, the real perpetrators in Pakistan have escaped scrutiny. What New Delhi calls the ‘infrastructure of terror’, a metaphor for what the Pakistani Deep State does, remains intact. Despite the evidence, since 2008, Pakistan has resisted global pressure and being put on the FATF (Financial Action Task Force, an international agency set up to tackle terror financing, among other activities) ‘Grey List’ for its continued financing of terrorists. The terrorists carried fake identity cards from a Hyderabad-based college to make it look like Indians had carried out the attack. A carefully crafted deception plan-another military strategem-was meant to deceive Indian investigators. For over two days, the handlers guided these operatives, motivated them and watched footage of the attacks broadcast live, to better direct them against Indian security forces. All the terrorists were in contact with their handlers right until they fired their last bullets. A fourth planned bloodbath at the iconic CST station fell apart because the attackers lost their way.

They carried out multiple assaults on civilian locations that developed into sieges-the Taj hotel, the Oberoi Towers and a Jewish centre. The attackers hijacked an Indian fishing trawler, launched a rubber boat from it like marine commandos would do for a naval forces raid, split into buddy pairs and used GPS equipment to navigate to their targets with the ‘military precision’ Prime Minister Singh spoke of, to murder innocents in cold blood.

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Deep state